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Dorsal Acetabular Rim View By Theresa Devine Slocum, MS and Barclay Slocum, DVM
While the standard radiographic positioning used in the dog for hips is ventrodorsal, this positioning provides a view of the cranial and caudal aspects of the acetabulum. The dorsal acetabular rim is a radiographic position that permits the visualization of the dorsal acetabulum, the weight bearing portion of the acetabulum. The advantage of this position is correlating what is found on palpation under anesthesia to what is evidenced on radiographs.
The positioning of the dog for this view is relatively simple. Under anesthesia, the dog is placed in sternal recumbency. The hind limbs are pulled forward, so that the femurs are parallel with the long axis of the body. A belt or restraining device is placed around the dog’s thighs and torso. This is to pull the femurs close to the dog’s body. The stifles are flexed so that the tibia is 90 degrees to the femur and the hip is internally rotated 45 degrees so that on the radiograph the greater trochanter does not visually interfere with the dorsal acetabular rim. The hocks are raised by placing 2-inch tape underneath the tuber calcis. This places a pull on the ham string muscles and draws the tuber ischii cranially with respect to the tuber sacrale. This causes the pelvis to be aligned vertically so the x-ray beam passes through the shaft of the ilium.
The ideal position of the pelvis is with both the ischiatic tuberosities on the radiographic table and both the tuber sacrale and tuber ischii aligned vertically. It is very important to prevent any rotation in the positioning of the dog on its sternum. With deep chested dogs, a "V" trough can be used to maintain alignment. The results of the DAR radiographs show that in normal hips the tangent to the dorsal acetabulum extends along the horizon at 0 degrees to approximately 15 degrees. Dogs with hip dysplasia show a rim that is deformed, or has an angle of 15 degrees to 60 degrees. This view is particularly good for visualization of dorsal osteophytes.
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